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Capítulo 9: API Testing

Por: Siempre Listo
playwrightapitestingrest

API Testing

Playwright incluye un cliente HTTP para testing de APIs sin necesidad de navegador.

APIRequestContext

import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';

test('GET request', async ({ request }) => {
  const response = await request.get('https://api.example.com/users');

  expect(response.ok()).toBeTruthy();
  expect(response.status()).toBe(200);

  const data = await response.json();
  expect(data.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
});

Métodos HTTP

// GET
const get = await request.get('/api/users');

// POST
const post = await request.post('/api/users', {
  data: { name: 'Juan', email: '[email protected]' }
});

// PUT
const put = await request.put('/api/users/1', {
  data: { name: 'Juan Actualizado' }
});

// PATCH
const patch = await request.patch('/api/users/1', {
  data: { email: '[email protected]' }
});

// DELETE
const del = await request.delete('/api/users/1');

Headers y Autenticación

const response = await request.get('/api/protected', {
  headers: {
    'Authorization': 'Bearer token123',
    'Content-Type': 'application/json'
  }
});

Configuración Global

// playwright.config.ts
export default defineConfig({
  use: {
    baseURL: 'https://api.example.com',
    extraHTTPHeaders: {
      'Accept': 'application/json',
    },
  },
});

Combinar UI + API

test('crear usuario via API y verificar en UI', async ({ page, request }) => {
  // Crear via API
  const response = await request.post('/api/users', {
    data: { name: 'Nuevo Usuario' }
  });
  const user = await response.json();

  // Verificar en UI
  await page.goto(`/users/${user.id}`);
  await expect(page.locator('h1')).toContainText('Nuevo Usuario');
});

Ejercicio Práctico

Objetivo

Testear una API pública (JSONPlaceholder).

Pasos

  1. Haz GET a https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/1
  2. Verifica status 200
  3. Verifica que tiene title y body
  4. Haz POST a /posts con datos nuevos
  5. Verifica que retorna id
Ver solución 
import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';

const BASE_URL = 'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com';

test('GET post', async ({ request }) => {
  const response = await request.get(`${BASE_URL}/posts/1`);

  expect(response.status()).toBe(200);

  const post = await response.json();
  expect(post).toHaveProperty('title');
  expect(post).toHaveProperty('body');
});

test('POST crear post', async ({ request }) => {
  const response = await request.post(`${BASE_URL}/posts`, {
    data: {
      title: 'Mi Post',
      body: 'Contenido',
      userId: 1
    }
  });

  expect(response.status()).toBe(201);

  const post = await response.json();
  expect(post).toHaveProperty('id');
});

Criterios de Éxito

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